Key questions explored in this primer include: what, exactly the rhetoric surrounding personalized learning is promising, and why? Can an analysis show whether this technology is delivering what it promises? And what other concerns, absent from the discourse, do we need to be most attendant to when the educational sphere imports a framework of data collection from the world of start-ups and tech giants? This primer presents a typology of personalized learning systems that draws from media coverage, research, interviews, and informal discussions. We have downloaded a copy of this Data & Society Research Institute’s resource for your viewing.